Poland is located in Central Europe. It has a total land area of about 312,685 square kilometers and a population of about 38,536,869 (July 2006 est.) where 94% is represented by Polish Catholics. Poland is surrounded by Germany, the Czech Republic, Slovakia, Ukraine, Belarus, Lithuania, and the Russian border. The official language is Polish. Poland belongs to the industrial and agricultural countries: 25% of the population engaged in agricultural activities, and 62% of Polish living in the city, while 38% of Polish live in the villages. The Polish currency is zloty (1 Polish Zloty = 0.36248 US Dollar) GDP4900 US dollars per capita (2001) Per capita 500 US dollars on income (2001). Poland has a lot of medieval and Renaissance buildings and art works of historical relics, such as Krakow, Torun, Wroclaw, Poznan and Warsaw. Poland is the birthplace of many famous people, such as Copernicus, Chopin, Marie Curie, Rubinstein, Paderewski, and the late Pope John Paul II. The country’s climate is a marine and continental climate, which is also, indulge in a combination of moderate climate, Poland's northern and western regions are mainly oceanic in climate while the southern and eastern has a continental climate. July is the hottest month in Poland while January is the coldest month. Every year from November to March the following year, the temperature in most part of the country is below zero degrees Celsius. The most temperate time in Poland is during the months of May to September. The weather is sunny and temperately warm. September is known as the beginning of the "golden Polish autumn”. Generally, Poland experiences cloudy days throughout the year. Poland has six seasons, in addition to the typical four European seasons. There are "early spring" and "early winter" added seasons.

The capital of Poland is Warsaw, which is also the largest in terms of land area, (2,201,900 metro. area). Warsaw is also the seat of the Polish government as well as the academic and cultural center. During World War II, Warsaw was almost completely destroyed. But after the war, the Polish government picked up the pieces, brick by brick and reconstructed the cities and streets. After decades of development, the Warsaw has become a stronger and well-established city of Poland. Despite the appearance of lack of certain contemporary metropolis, Warsaw provides a good living environment, convenient transportation and comprehensive municipal and service facilities, far beyond the typical city standards.

Country name: Republic of Poland
Capital: Warsaw
Currency: zloty
The national anthem: " Poland has not perish"
National Day: May 3 (1791) and November 11 (1918)
Flag: the flag is rectangular in shape with a length and width ratio of about 8:5. It is divided in to two lengthwise forming a parallel colors of white (top) and red(bottom) from the white surface under two parallel Red Cross equal to the rectangular form. White does not only symbolize the ancient legend of the stars, but also a symbol of purity, expressed the Polish people thirst for freedom, peace, democracy, the good wishes of happiness; Red symbolizes passion, but also a symbol of revolutionary struggle and victory.  
Emblem:
To shield emblem. The red shield contains an eagle wearing a golden crown and wings stretched forming a star. The emblem still contains the colors red and white, which is in the flag also. The star-shaped position of the eagle symbolizes the Polish indomitable spirit of patriotism. 

History:
The origin of the Polish people traces its roots to the western Slavs in Poland, which are the aborigines of the Silesians, East Baume Caledonians, and Mazuoweian tribes. These tribes form a union and then established a ten-century feudal dynasty which declined in 17 th century in e western Slavs in Poland, - ever, Silesia, East Baume Caledonia, Mazuoweie tribes Union, the establishment of 10 century feudal dynasty, 17th century gradually decline. In the years of 1772,1793 and 1795, Prussia and Austria invaded Poland and divided the country between Prussia and Austria in 1795. However, on November 11, 1918 Poland was restored of her of independence, and established the bourgeois republic. On September 1, 1939, France and Germany invaded Poland. The invasion was part of the World War II. During this time, Nazi forces occupied the whole territory of Poland. In July 1944, the Soviet Union came into Poland and helped the Polish in organizing the Polish National Liberation Committee, which gave birth to the new Polish state. More than 40 years after the war by the Polish United Workers Party in 1952, the People’s Republic Constitution was amended where the presidential system was abolished and the Council of State was established. In 1980, the Solidarity Strike occurred which ignited the implementation of the wartime footing, which lasted from December 1981 to July 1983. In April 1989 the Polish parliament through a constitutional amendment and recognizing the legalization of Solidarity, decided to implement presidential and parliamentary democracy. Then on December 29, 1989, Poland was renamed from People’s Republic of Poland to The Republic of Poland.  

Another famous city of Poland is Krakow. The city is known for its touring wagon . Krakow is in the southern region of Poland at the left bank upstream catchments, and about 250 km away from Warsaw. Krakow is the ancient capital of the Middle Ages, the third largest city in Poland, and the most important railway hub for historical relics and cultural meltingpot.

Politics:
In 1989, the Polish political scene experienced a fundamental turning point. In April the Polish parliament through constitutional amendment, changed the presidential system, and the senate replaced the unicameral to a bicameral system. The senate also decided from parliamentary, democracy, or pluralism as a form of government. The parliamentary won the election. After the election, Jaruzelski was elected president and Solidarity union members voted Mazowiecki as Poland prime minister. Several decades, the Polish United Workers Party defeated the riling political party in an election and pushed the renaming of The Republic of Poland into Democratic Republic of Poland however, the political party failed. In September 1990, the parliament, through constitutional amendment, provides that the President elected by universal suffrage be given the period from six years to five years in office. In early elections in December 1990, the President of the Solidarity Party, Lech Walesa was elected president. On November 5, 1995 the second presidential election began where a total of 13 presidential candidates to participated in the in presidential campaign. Aleksander Kwa?niewski won this election in 1995. In May 1997, a new constitution through referendum was drafted and on October 17, the new Constitution came into effect. It replaces the 1952 constitution.